Swinging shears



'NOV. 14, 1944. SPAYD 2,362,776

SWINGING SHEARS Filed July 10, 1941 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 5; K FRED N. am vn L l H v mvewran A Arramvzv Patented Nov. 14, 1944 SWINGING SHEARS 5] Fred M. Spayd, Van Wert', Ohio Application July 10, 1941-, Serial N..:4o1,s11

4 Claims. (crafty-22s) My invention relates to a shearing device and particularly to swingin shears so mounted as to be operated from any angle or from any height.

One object of my invention is to provide novel A. V shears preferably operatedby hydraulic power- Another object of my invention is the provision of power operated shears so constructed and mounted that, they can be operated with theminimum amount of, energy by the operator.

Another object of .my invention is to provide novel shears of the type disclosed which are particularly adaptable for the shearing of heavy pieces of metal and other materials in a very eflicient manner, and in the minimum amount of time.

A further object of my novel invention is the production of swinging shears that can be readilyshifted from one position to any other position when cutting up large pieces of materials;

Another object of the invention is to produce a novel mounting for swinging shears, whereby said shears may be swung at any angle, end over end, end around end. or rolled in either direction, all of which movements may take place simul-v taneously or independently of each'othen vision of a specially designed mounting for,

swinging shears, to which mountingis also secured apower operated cylinder for hydraulic operation of theshears, preferably compressed air.

Another object; of my invention is to provide a special rollerbearing device carried by the mounting for the shears; and a hanger supported by; a swivel mounting. I

Still another object of the invention is the provision of a novel operating means forthe 'hydraulic cylinder when used to provide the power to operate the shears. e 1

Another object is to provide a novel valve control for the hydrauli'czpower, which control' is carriedby the shears so} as to be operable to control the input of power regardless of :theiposie' tion in which the shears maybe at th'e'time it is necessary to control said input of power.

"With these andoth'er incidental objects in view; I

my invention includes certain other novel features and combinations ofelements, theessential elements of which are set-forth in appended claims, and a preferred form or embodiment of which is hereinafter illustrated and described with reference to the drawings. which accom-i pany and form part of this specification.

Of said drawings: l

i Fig. 1 is a front elevation, ,with certain parts broken away. showing my "novel swinging shears andthe'mounting for the same. i

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same.

' Fig.3 is a fragmentary'view of a-hoisting devicewhich may be used'in connection withmy novelshears when desirable, for the handling of extra heavy materials which are to be cut up or dis-assembled by the use of the shears.

J Fig. 4 is a'rear elevation of the roller bearing mounting of the shears and also shows the linkages connecting the shears tothe hydraulic cylinder, for operating theshears.-

Fig.5 is a detailed top 'plan view of the top blade and lever for the shears, the .support for the shears,- the hydraulic -cylinder,-and a 1 011 I tion of the linkages for operating the shears from the hydraulic power derived from the cylinder. Fig. 6 is a detailed top plan view of the bottom blade and lever of the shears, and azportion of the operating linkage.

Fig. '7 is a section on line I of Fig. 10, showing a part of the valve operating mechanism.

Fig. 8 is .a detailed view of part of the-valve operating mechanism. f Fig.9 is atopplan view of the crane'and the truck carried thereby for moving the shears from one-position to another position. I r

Fig.- 10 is an enlarged view of thevalveoperating mechanism for the cylinder, and shows part of the handle on the top lever of the shears."

Fig. 11 is another view of the same.

GENERAL DEscRnzrIoN v novel fshears are mounted to swing on a swivel joint which is -.carried by a traveling crane, on which is mounted a traveling truck adapted to travel at right angles to the travel of the crane. The swivel permits rotary motion around a vertical axis.

Hanging from the swivel is a bail carrying a circular channel frame to act as a bearing and a guide for rollers carried by a specially designed mounting block for the blade supporting levers of the shears, whereby the shears may be rotated in either direction on either or both of two horizontal axes to bring the blades in any desirable position for cutting.

The bail is hung from the swivel for rotation around the vertical axis of said swivel, and the bail pivot mounting permits swinging of the shears, back and forth around a horizontal axis.

Secured to the special mounting block is a hydraulic operated power cylinder preferably operated by compressed air, the flow of which to the 2 cylinder is controlled by the usual by-pass valve to properly operate the piston of said cylinder from which is derived the power to actuate the blades of the shears to cut. This valve is controlled by a slidable valve actuator which in turn is driven by one of the handles on one of the blade levers of the shears. i

While I have shown and described aweight to counter-balance my shears, I do not wish to limit myself to such specific construction, as a power hoist may be-used for this purpose if desirable.

DETAILED Diascarr'riori Framework The framework for supporting my novel swinging shears, and also for supporting the traveling crane, comprises four columns zo (Figs. 1 and 2) of H beams, secured to four sills or base beams 2| by angle braces 22. Channels 23 and corner braces 24 tie the columns 2o together in one direction, and I-beams 25 resting on top of the columns andtied theretoby angle braces 26 tie the columns together in' the other direction, thus providing a very rigid framework for the crane which carries the swinging shears. Bolts 21 are preferably used to fasten the beams and bracestogether instead of rivets, so that the framework can be very easily dis-assembled when it is desirable to move the'shears from one place of operation to another. However the entire framework can be readily loaded upon a large truck and transported from place to place if the operators do not wish to dis-assemble it.

Crane and truck 1 The crane and truck are shown in Figs. 1, 2 and .9. The crane travels on the I-beams and comprises end frames 30 and 3| connected by two I-beams 32 through the medium of channels 33. Four flanged wheels 34 are mounted on the frames 30 and 3| to when the Ibeams 25 which form a track for the crane so that the.

to turn either clockwise or counter-clockwise around the vertical axis A-A of a pin 48 secured to the ring 41 and freely turnable in the coupling 46 as viewed in Figs. 1 and 2.

The cable 4| passes over another pulley 49 mounted in a bracket 5|) carried on the frame 3|, and to this end of the cable 4| below the pulley 49 there is attached a counter-weight 5| to balance the shears in any position of height necessary for operation of the shears when in use.

Shears and mounting for the same Referring particularly to Figs. 1, 2, 4 and-5' my novel shears include an upper blade lever Eli and a lower blade lever 6| pivoted on a pin 62. These levers 6'3 and 6| work in a slot 63 out in the nose 64 of a supporting block 65 forming bearings for the pin 62. The lever has secured thereto a knife or blade 68 and the lever Bl has secured to it a knife or blade 69. These 68 and 69-are to be made of heat treated steel for sharp shearing and for long Wear.

The pin 62 is threaded on its ends and nuts in retain the pin 62 and the levers 60 and iii in their proper shearing positionsat all times.

The inside walls of the bearings 66 are tapered. to provide for the usual tapered wedges H which straddle the pin 32 and which may be adjusted and held in proper adjustment by bolts 12 and lock nuts 13.

As has been previously mentioned, the shears are of novel construction to rotate on a horizontal axis B-B as viewed in Fig. 2. To accomplish'this result the supporting block has four arms 15, each arm 15 having a boss or shoulder l IBQ'A pin 11 projecting through the boss 19 One end ofthe cable 4| is fastenedto'anupstanding projection 42 of the frame 30 by a and arm 15 forms a bearing for a roller 18. These rollers operate in a channel ring formed bysecuring together, preferably by welding, a hoop 8| and two ring plates 82.

The lever (ill of the shears has turnably mounted thereon, for a purpose to be later described, a handle 83, and the lever 6| has secured thereto a handle 84. By means of these handles the shears can be rolled and/or turned in any direc tion and at any angle at the will of the operator.

In other words, from the above description it can be readily and clearly seen that the shears and the mounting block 65 therefor can be rotated on the horizontal axis B-B (Fig. 2), which rotation, as viewedin Figs. 1 and 4 is either clockwise or counter-clockwise, to position the shears in any desired or necessary angle for use.

The shears can also be rotated clockwise or counter-clockwise around the vertical axis AA of the pin 48 (Figs. 1 and 2).

To accomplish this last mentioned movement of the shears, I have provided a bail for supporting the shears from the swivel 4 5. This bail 85 (Figs. 1 and 2) has pivoted thereto by means of a bolt 86, a U-clip 8! which in turn has a ring 88 connected to the swivel ring 41. The vertical arms 89 of the bail 85 are mounted to turn on trunnion pins 90 carried by channel shaped members 9| secured to lugs 92 which are preferably weldedto the channel ring 80 by bolts 93. To assemble the bail to the ring 80 the trunnion pins 90 are first put in'the arms 89 after which the clips 93 are bolted to the lugs 92.

By this novel construction the operator may, by

75 grasping the handles 83 and 84 rotate the shears 'ing the handle 83, such by-pas'sed air forces-the on-"theverticalaxis A- A of the swivel pin 48 to bring the shears in any desirable position :for' operation of 'cuttlng. The shearscan also beswung clockwisewor :counter'eclockwise (Fig; l) around the horizontal axis C-C (,Fig. 2) of the boltf86. Moreover-theshearsmay also be rotated'en'd over endieither. =clockwise.:or counter clockwise aa'round thefihorizontalzaxis D!:D (Figs.' land 4)' of *'-the trunn'iompinseSO, andat-qthesame timerthershears may; be:rolled .around the horizontal-skis B- -B at thewill of the operator.

Power operating means for the shears As labovemention'ed .I prefer to operate my novel shearsby hydraulic power andfor this .purpose thereisfsecuredto the mountingblock 65 a compressed air cylinder I by means. of bolts IOI (Fig. a flange I02. onthe cylinder providing themeans. forsuch fastening of the cylinder. to the specially constructed mounting block, 65. The other end of the cylinder has a flange I03 to which .is secured the :usual cap II04 by means. of bolts I05 (Figs. 4fan'd 5). (A piston rod I08 (Fig. 2). projecting from the. cylinder .in'the usual manner has fastened thereto a block. I01 to which is pivoted, by meansof a bolt I08, links I03 and I I0 (Figs. 2, '4 and 6) which-links are also pivotally connected by a bolt III to the lower blade lever SI of the shears.

Also pivotally connected to the bolt I08 are links H2 and H3 which are in turn pivotally connected to the upper blade lever 60 of the shear by means of a bolt I I4.

The cylinder has projecting therefrom an inlet pipe II5 (Fig. 2) having a by-pass control valve (not shown) therein to control the input of compressed air from a supply hose I I6. A valve stem II I (Fig. 10) projects from the pipe H5 and has secured thereto a bar II8 with arms II9 carrying a wrist pin I (Figs; 7, 8 and 10) A block I2I has a slot I22 by means of which it surrounds the wrist pin I20. This block I2I is secured to a square rod I23 adapted to slide back and forth in a square hole I24 (Fig. 5) of the handle 83; which is turnably mounted in the lever 60 of the shears. To provide for such turning of the handle 83 the same has a shoulder I25 (Figs.

19 and 11) and also athreaded tenon I26 for a nut I21. The shoulder I25 is slightly longer than the thickness of the lever 00 and when the nut I21 is drawn up tight against the shoulder I25 the handle is free to be turned in the lever 60 to operate the valve stem Ill and the valve.

To operate the shears to cut the operator simcylinder. piston *to retum homeand push. the rod I0612out or to "thewright (Figs. '2 and .5) to home position'to draw the right. ends of the levers '60 and BI ltowardseach otherto the positions shown. itozopenthefbl'ades168vandw60 ready for the next shearing operation. v

' z Asatheright ends of the'levers 60 and 6| are spread apart :"the valve rod I23 slides in the hole I24 -ofthe handle103 and due to the clearance slot 122 .inrthe-block LI2I there issuflicient room for the wrist pin I20 so that there willbe no binding ;or .interferingwof, these parts .during the spreading or during atheclosing of theshear levers fifl'and fil'.: 0'

Moreover the'valve stem II! can be controlled at alltimesby theoperator toopen and close the shears regardlessaof'the positions in which the shears may be relative to their open and closed positions. during the operationof the shears the input and output of air to the cylinder can be definitely controlled.

A'collar I28 (Fig. 2) having a set screw I29 may beadjusted along the cylinder and locked in adjusted. position to control the balancing of the shears on thetrunnionpins 90.

Any form of hydraulic power for the cylinder can be controlled in the same manner by the handle 83 and its special connections to the valve stem II I.

While I have shown and described hydraulic power means to operate the shears, electric power means could be used to operate them without departing from the spirit of my invention, by attaching an electric motor to the block 65 to operate the rod I06 and linkage to the levers 60 and 6|.

. Hoist For the purpose of hoisting and handling heavy objects which are to be cut up by the shears I have shown a usual hoisting device in Fig. 3.

I to hook on to heavy objects to be lifted,

ply turns the handle 83 and by means of the square rod I23, block I2I,-wrist pin I20, arms II9, bar I I8 and valve stem III, the valve (not shown) in the pipe H5 is turned to allow the compressed air from the supply hose I I 6 to enter the cylinder I00 with the result, that the piston rod I06 is moved inwardly, or to the left (Fig. 2) whereupon the links I09, IIO, II2'and II3 spread the right hand ends of the levers and 6| thus closing the blades 68 and 69 in shearing fashion to cut off whatever material may have been placedbetween 1 them.

The control valve on the stem H1 in the pipe H5 is of the usual'by-pass type wherein when the valve is opened to cause the blades 68 and 69'to close to shear any material, a sufficient amount of air is by-passed around to the opposite end of the piston in the cylinder I00, and after the-material has been sheared off or cut and the operator closes the valve by reversely turn- A ratchet controlled pulley I 46 is mounted on the crane MI and has the usual endless chain, cable or heavy rope I 41. The pulley I48 is geared to the winch I43 in the usual manner (not shown) so that when the chain I4! is pulled the winch I43 is turned to wind and unwind the cable I44 to raise and lower any object to which the hook I45 has been connected.

Since I have fully described the various motions and operations of my novel swinging shears and also their novel mountings in connection with the detailed description of the same, I do not think that it is necessary to repeat those motions and operations at this time, as a thorough understanding of the mechanisms and operations of the same can be had from the above descriptions of the same when read in connection with the drawings which clearly illustrate all phases of my invention.

While the form of mechanism herein described and illustrated is admirably adapted to fulfill the objects primarily stated, it is to be understood that I do not wish to. limit my invention to the one form or embodiment herein disclosed, for it is susceptible of embodiment in various other forms all coming within the scope of the claims which follow.

By turning the handle 83 at any time What I claim is: v

l. The combination of shearing blade levers, a rolling support for said levers; hydraulic power actuating means for the levers, said means being carried by said support; a piston rod driven by said means; a linkage between said rod and said levers to operate the latter for shearing action; a rigid handle secured to one of said levers; a rotatable handle mounted on the other of said levers; and valve actuating means operated by the rotatable handle to control said power actuating means.

2. The combination of swinging shears including blade carrying levers; a freely rotatable support for said levers for rolling the shears around one axis; power actuating means carriedby said support; a channel ring bearing for said support; a bail shaped carrier for said channel ring hearing for rolling the shears around another axis;

a mounting for the bail carrier for rotating the shears around a vertical axis and for oscillating the shears around another axis; handles on the levers to facilitate any and allof the above mentioned movements of the shears either separately or simultaneously; control means for the power actuating means; and means carried by one of said handles for operating the control means at the will of the operator to cause the power means to actuate the shears in any and all positions to which the shears may have been set by the operator to bring them in desirable positions for cutting.

3. A shearing device including movable blade carrying levers mounted on a pin for shearing action; a rotatable support for said pin; power means secured to said support; a linkage between said power -means and said levers to actuate the levers for shearing movement for the blades thereon upon operation of said power means; control means for the power means; a rigid handle secured to one of said levers; a rotatable handle mounted on the other of said levers; and means operated @by said rotatable handle to operate said control means for the power means at the will of the operator.

' 4. A shearing device including movable blade carrying levers mounted on a pin for shearing action; a rotatable support for said pin; power means secured to said support; a linkage connected to each lever and to said power means to actuate said levers; control means for the power means; and means carried by one of said levers tooperate the control means.

" RED M. SPAYD. 

